Occupational Risk Factors Associated with Hypertension Among Industrial Workers

Abstract

Hypertension is a growing occupational health concern, particularly among industrial workers who are routinely exposed to physical, chemical, and psychosocial hazards. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify occupational risk factors among 520 industrial workers employed in a metal fabrication plant in Surabaya, Indonesia. Blood pressure was measured using standardized procedures, while data on work conditions—including shift patterns, workload, job stress, exposure to noise, and heat—were collected through structured interviews and workplace assessments. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 32.1%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that night shift work (OR 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3–2.7), high job strain (OR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.6–3.4), and chronic noise exposure (OR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2–2.5) were significantly associated with increased hypertension risk. Workers who engaged in regular physical activity and those with higher job control showed lower blood pressure levels. These findings suggest that occupational factors play a significant role in the development of hypertension and highlight the need for comprehensive workplace health programs that include regular screening, stress management interventions, and modifications to work schedules and environments to reduce exposure to harmful conditions.